A biopsychosocial approach to the interrelation between motherhood and women's excessive weight

AbstractPortugal is characterized by a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among women, whose weight increases most rapidly in early adulthood. Individual genetic features and behaviours, along with social, cultural and environmental factors interact in complex relationships with body weight and with its variation throughout time. Motherhood may trigger an increase in weight, potentially influencing the associations between excessive weight and several other health determinants. Taking into account the quality of prenatal care within Portugal's health care system, regarding coverage and success in improved outcomes, we theoretically demonstrate why pregnancy and motherhood should be seen as opportunities for prevention and why a deeper knowledge about the interplay of biological, social and psychological determinants of weight at this stage of life can be useful to design more effective weight control interventions towards this population

Benefícios da preparação para a parentalidade para o casal grávido

A transição para a parentalidade e o parto requerem mudanças cognitivas, afetivas e comportamentais nos casais grávidos. As aulas de preparação para o parto/parentalidade visam um resultado esperado com ganhos em saúde no ciclo gravídico-puerperal. Identificar nos estudos científicos, os benefícios em saúde, da preparação para a parentalidade no casal grávido foi o nosso principal objetivo neste estudo. Recorremos para o efeito à Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) pelo método PI[C]O, pretendemos com esta metodologia assegurar a pertinência do estudo, clarificar e enquadrar o tema e orientar o desenho da investigação. Depois de aplicados os critérios de inclusão, selecionamos oito artigos publicados na base de dados eletrónica Web of Science, que foi a nossa única fonte de pesquisa. Constatamos pela análise dos diferentes estudos a não existência de um instrumento de avaliação validado que permita identificar os benefícios em saúde nesta população com a frequência da educação para a parentalidade de forma sistemática. Assim os principais benefícios identificados nos estudos científicos analisados relativos às aulas de preparação para a parentalidade nos casais grávidos foram: melhoria na adaptação pré-natal dos casais; melhoria no cumprimento do papel de apoio e no auxílio dos cuidados de enfermagem por parte do pai; aumento da aceitação da gravidez nas mulheres; redução do medo do parto nos casais; aumento da preferência pelo parto eutócico; aumento do bem-estar psicológico e diminuição dos flashbacks angustiantes no pós-parto.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Labour (Portugal)

UID/HIS/04209/2019This article describes the main characteristics of Portuguese production structures and the national labour force during the First World War. In addition to highlighting the impacts of the conflict on industry, it also portrays some of the war’s effects on workers and how the world of work was influenced by the challenges of this time period. The years of World War I were witness not only to a brutal repression of the labour and unionist movement, but also an important production of legislation on the world of work.publishersversionpublishe

Kwafina: internationalization plan

This Work Project develops a possible suggestion of how and where Kwafina, an Angolan firm, should internationalize to the European food market. The proposed methodology is used for identifying potential foreign markets and to identify the entry mode that best fits the firm’s strategy. Screening, identification, and selection characterize the three stages in the evaluation of potential foreign markets and the identification of possible entry modes are based on the proposed theoretical framework

O(s) discurso(s) sobre a organização científica do trabalho: do Diário das Sessões ao Diário do Governo (1945-1974)

UID/HIS/04209/2013The decades that followed the end of World War II witnessed in Portugal the affirmation of scientific management's study and development. Many points of view appeared and are stated in journals and books as well as on debates that took place at the "Assembleia Nacional" and at the "Camara Corporativa". Based on the journals of these sessions between 1945 and 1974 including references to the topic, this article aims to analyse how the problems related to scientific management were understood in these two organisms. Examining the arguments and visions in presence, we aim to understand the logic behind the application of these principles in Portugal.publishersversionpublishe

Planning and implementing a new assessment strategy using an e-learning platform

One of the most difficult issues of e-Learning is the students’ assessment. Being this an outstanding task regarding theoretical topics, it becomes even more challenging when the topics under evaluation are practical. ISCAP’s Information Systems Department is composed of about twenty teachers who have been for several years using an e-learning environment (at the moment Moodle 2.3) combined with traditional assessment. They are now planning and implementing a new e-learning assessment strategy. This effort was undertaken in order to evaluate a practical topic (the use of spreadsheets to solve management problems) common to shared courses of several undergraduate degree programs. The same team group is already experienced in the assessment of theoretical information systems topics using the b-learning platform. Therefore, this project works as an extension to previous experiences being the team aware of the additional difficulties due to the practical nature of the topics. This paper describes this project and presents two cycles of the action research methodology, used to conduct the research. The first cycle goal was to produce a database of questions. When it was implemented in order to be used with a pilot group of students, several problems were identified. Subsequently, the second cycle consisted in solving the identified problems preparing the database and all the players to a broader scope implementation. For each cycle, all the phases, its drawbacks and achievements are described. This paper suits all those who are or are planning to be in the process of shifting their assessment strategy from a traditional to one supported by an e-learning platform

Learning management systems usage on higher education institutions

Learning Management Systems (LMS) are used all over Higher Education Institutions (HEI) and the need to know and understand its adoption and usage arises. However, there is a lack of information about how LMSs are being used, which are the most adopted, whether there is a country adoption standard and which countries use more LMSs. A research team is developing a project that tries to fill this lack of information and provide the needed answers. With this purpose, on a first phase, it a survey was taken place. The results of this survey are presented in this paper. Another purpose of this paper is to disseminate the ongoing project

Design of MECSE Nanosatellite Mechanical Subsystem

Magnetohydrodynamics/Electrohydrodynamics CubeSat Experiment (MECSE) is the first Cube- Sat being developed at the University of Beira Interior (UBI) and it is an under development Nanosatellite resulting from the collaboration between C-MAST (Center for Mechanical and Aerospace Science and Technologies) and CEiiA (Centre of Engineering and Product Development). MECSE’s mission is to create a benchmark for the future validation of the theory that an Electromagnetic field can re-shape the layer of plasma surrounding a spacecraft, and therefore allow communications during the so-called atmospheric re-entry Radio Frequency (RF) blackout phase. When it comes to scientific space research there is a need to create a bridge between the scientific goals and the engineering feasibility. In order for the mission to take shape, the development of the product CubeSat shall meet scientific requirements as well as production limitations and space regulations. This master dissertation aims to preliminarily develop MECSE’s Mechanical Subsystem. In this work, a Mechanical Subsystem configuration that ensures the structural reliability during launch, as well as on orbit was developed. The approach adopted for the design of MECSE’s Mechanical System was to, first, define the different project requirements, and then, COTS hardware components were selected based on similar previous missions and their requirements were specified. The project also presents Design Requirements that were specified based on the CubeSat Design Specifications, and the launch platform P-POD. Finally, the materials for the primary structure of the CubeSat had to be selected. A trade-off was performed comparing several material properties (e.g. thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, workability and others) and the aluminum alloy 7075 T6 was chosen. The spacecraft must sustain a set of mechanical loads without permanent deformation, with a certain margin of safety to prevent the uncertainties in the loading values during launch. A finite element analysis validated the capacity of MECSE to sustain the linear static loads and static temperature during launch and on-orbit.The components were evaluated and, with exception of the Side Frames, the primary structural components should have their thickness reduced, since they presented high margins of safety to stress and strain. The thermal impact study showed that the subsystems will have their envelope of operations conditioned by the angle between the orbit plane and the solar vector. In order to increase the envelop of operations it was recommended the use of aerogel.Magnetohydrodynamics/Electrohydrodynamics CubeSat Experiment (MECSE) é o primeiro Cube- Sat a ser desenvolvido na Universidade da Beira Interior (UBI), resultando da colaboração do C-MAST (Centro de Ciências e Tecnologia Mecânica e Aeroespacial) e o CEiiA (Centro de Engenharia e Desenvolvimento de Produto). A missão do MECSE é criar uma plataforma para a futura validação da teoria que afirma que um campo electromagnético permite diminuir a espessura da camada de plasma e, como tal, permitir comunicações durante a reentrada atmosférica, evitando a chamada fase de blackout. De modo a dar forma à missão, foi necessário o desenvolvimento do produto CubeSat que respeite os requisitos ciêntificos bem como as limitações de produção e regulação espacial, promovendo assim a viabilidade técnica. Esta dissertação de mestrado tem como objectivo o desenvolvimento preliminar do Subsistema Mecânico do MECSE, cuja configuração assegura a fiabilidade estrutural durante o lançamento e em órbita. A abordagem adotada para o design do Subsistema Mecânico do MECSE foi a de primeiro definir os diferentes requisitos de projeto. Depois da definição dos subsistemas necessários, os componentes e respectivos requisitos de hardware foram escolhidos com base em missões semelhantes. O projeto também apresenta requisitos de design que foram estabelecidos tendo por base as especificações de design de Cubesats e as especificações da plataforma de lançamento P-POD. Depois da definição de requisitos, o material para a estrutura primária foi escolhido. Um estudo de trade-off foi realizado em que se comparou várias propriedades dos materiais (p.ex condutividade térmica, condutividade elétrica, maleabilidade, entre outros) e a liga de alumínium 7075 T6 foi a escolhida para a estrutura primária do MECSE. A aeronave deve resistir a um conjunto de cargas mecânicas sem deformar permanentemente com uma determinada margem de segurança devido às incertezas do valor associado às cargas durante o lançamento. Análises em elementos finitos validaram a capacidade do MECSE em resistir às cargas estáticas lineares e às temperaturas estáticas durante o lançamento e em órbita. Os componentes foram avaliados e foi concluído que todos os componentes com exceção das Side Frames deveriam ter a sua espessura reduzida, pois apresentavam uma margem de segurança alta para tensão e deformação. Um estudo de impacto térmico foi realizado e foi possível concluir que os subsistemas terão o seu envelope de operação condicionado pelo ângulo entre o plano de órbita e o vetor solar. De forma a aumentar o envelope de operações, é recomendada a aplicação de aerogel